The Empire and the Century/The Nerves of Empire > 자유게시판

What is the Difference Between CY and SY Cable? No doubt the causes of faults and breakages, as well as the cost of repairs and maintenance, vary in every sea and with every cable. For, if our existing British-owned cables are to be competed with by our own Government as well as by Germans and others, their profits would entirely disappear. The array of control cables from Norden include PVC insulated GSWB, Multimedia Multi-conductor control cables, and PVC insulated TCWB. A prominent member of the family of instrumentation cables, a control cable is ideal for transmitting data and voltage. Control cables are used in varying applications in the automation and instrumentation sectors. Aimed to offer service for the predefined time frame, the control cables will perform flawlessly for the entire lifetime. The PVC sheath will not provide much protection from UV light, leaving the cable vulnerable to decay over time. Next, the cables will probably perish altogether in thirty years. Europe, including Great Britain, is united to the North American continent by no less than sixteen cables. Great Britain and India.

The first really operative route to India is a cable running from Lowestoft to Germany; a land-line across Germany to Russia, and across Russia to Teheran in Persia; and thence a land-line to the sea, and a cable to Karachi. The route by cable through the Atlantic, Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean is 6,700 miles long. They own about 121,000 miles of cable. Steel wire armour (SWA) is made from galvanised steel wires which are wrapped around the cable cores in a spiral direction. Unsurprisingly, this does not offer the same strength as steel. Stated mathematically, if a cable of 500 miles gives a speed of 120 letters a minute, the same cable prolonged to 1,000 miles would only give a speed of 80 letters a minute. Consequently, in 1898, at the urgent instance of the guaranteeing Governments, who smarted under their share of the loss, the rate was raised to 4s. 9d. At that point it remained till 1900, when it was reduced to 4fS. At the same time, further future reductions were arranged, subject to the continued receipt of a minimum or standard revenue, as in the case of India and South Africa.

It was this deep-seated feeling, stimulated by the Boer War in South Africa, and skilfully fomented by Germany, which has induced Holland to obtain cable connection with her Indies viâ America and the Pacific, in assertion of her independence of the British cables viâ India. Our five British cables, though landing in Canada instead of the United States, only do so because the speed of a cable varies inversely as the square of its length. Everyone agrees that the telegraphic communications of the Empire should be as cheap as the circumstances of the case allow, should be efficient in point of speed and accuracy, and should be controlled by ourselves. Let me examine, then, the connections between Great Britain on the one hand, and the most important of her Colonies and possessions on the other; the connections between these Colonies and possessions, inter se; and also the connections between the British Empire as a whole and foreign nations. The only line, however, which needs our attention is that duplicate sequence of cables, given on the accompanying map, owned by the West India and Panama Company, and running from Jamaica right through our British Islands to Demerara on the South American continent.

Turning next to our connections with India, it is clear from the map that the most direct route to India is by land-line across Europe to Constantinople, thence across Turkey in Asia to Fao, at the head of the Persian Gulf, and thence by submarine cable to Karachi in India. This route was opened in 1869. Though managed as far as Teheran by an English company, the Indo-European Telegraph Company, and from Teheran to Karachi by the Indian Government Department, it is owned in its German section by Germany. In 1881 American rivalry began under the auspices of Mr. Jay Gould, and became formidable in 1884, when the Commercial Cable Company, also of America, what is control cable began operations. The reason for the laying of these four latter cables has been rather political than commercial. He added that 'it is useless, and would be wrong, for us to wait in the hope that such communication should be established by private enterprise, and it would be right for the country to take some share in the burden of establishing it upon itself.' A line of cables was accordingly laid in 1879 from Aden down the East Coast of Africa to Natal, touching on the way at Portuguese stations.